翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Patent law in Aruba ・ Patent law in Hong Kong ・ Patent law in the Netherlands ・ Patent law of the European Union ・ Patent law of the People's Republic of China ・ Patent Law Treaty ・ Patent leather ・ Patent Lens ・ Patent map ・ Patent medicine ・ Patent misuse ・ Patent model ・ Patent monetization ・ Patent Ochsner ・ Patent of precedence ・ Patent of Toleration ・ Patent office ・ Patent office in Indonesia ・ Patent Office of the Republic of Latvia ・ Patent Office Professional Association ・ Patent offices in Europe ・ Patent pending ・ Patent Pending (album) ・ Patent Pending (band) ・ Patent pending (disambiguation) ・ Patent Pending (short story) ・ Patent pirate ・ Patent pool ・ Patent portfolio ・ Patent privateer Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Patent of Toleration ： ウィキペディア英語版 Patent of Toleration The Patent of Toleration (''Toleranzpatent'') was an edict issued in October 1781 by the Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II of Austria.〔 Page 2.〕 The Patent extended religious freedom to non-Catholic Christians living in Habsburg lands, including Lutherans, Calvinists, and the Greek Orthodox.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.hungarian-history.hu/lib/macartney/macartney11.htm )〕 Specifically, these members of minority faiths were now legally permitted to hold "private religious exercises" in clandestine churches.〔Kaplan, Benjamin J., ''Religious Conflict and the Practice of Toleration in Early Modern Europe,'' Harvard University Press, 2007, Chapter 8, pp. 192-4. ff..〕 It was followed by the Edict of Tolerance in 1782. The edict extended to Jews the freedom to pursue all branches of commerce, but also imposed new requirements.〔Marsha Rozenblit, Reconstructiong National Identity, Oxford, 2001, p. 25〕 Jews were required to create German-language primary schools or send their children to Christian schools (Jewish schools had previously taught children to read and write Hebrew in addition to mathematics.) The Patent also permitted Jews to attend state secondary schools. A series of laws issued soon after the Edict of Toleration abolished the autonomy of the Jewish communities, which had previously run their own court, charity, internal taxation and school systems; required Jews to acquire family names; made Jews subject to military conscription; and required candidates for the rabbinate to have secular education. The Patent was originally called the "Divine Send of Equal Liberties" but was further put down by the monarch's advisor. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Patent of Toleration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.